Amerigo Vespucci war ein italienischer Kaufmann, Seefahrer, Navigator und Entdecker, der am 9. März 1454 in Florenz geboren wurde und am 22. Februar 1512 in Sevilla verstarb. Er erkannte als Erster, dass die entdeckten Gebiete in Südamerika nicht zu Asien gehörten, sondern einen neuen Kontinent bildeten. Aufgrund dieser bahnbrechenden Erkenntnis, die er in seinem Reisebericht "Mundus Novus" verbreitete, benannte der deutsche Kartograf Martin Waldseemüller im Jahr 1507 den Kontinent Amerika nach ihm. Vespucci wurde am 18. März 1454 getauft und wuchs in Florenz auf, wo er zwischen 1470 und 1476 Literatur und Latein lernte. Er trat 1482 in das Bankhaus der Medici ein und war ab 1492 in deren Filiale in Sevilla tätig. Dort gründete er mit Christoph Kolumbus eine Finanzierungsgesellschaft für dessen erste Atlantiküberquerung. Nach dem Tod von Giannotto Berardi übernahm Vespucci 1495 die Leitung der Filiale, wodurch er mit Entdeckungsreisen in Kontakt kam. Vespucci unternahm mehrere Entdeckungsreisen, deren genaue Details aus zwei Hauptquellen stammen: dem "Mundus Novus" und dem Soderini-Brief. Seine erste Reise führte ihn 1497 im Auftrag der Katholischen Könige zu den "indischen Inseln", wobei er erstmals Festland betrat und die Bewohner als "Personen" bezeichnete. Auf seiner zweiten Reise 1499 segelte er erneut für Kastilien zur Amazonas-Mündung und nach Venezuela. Die dritte Reise 1501 unternahm Vespucci im Auftrag des portugiesischen Königs Manuel I. und berichtete darüber im "Mundus Novus". Während dieser Fahrt übernahm er das Kommando über zwei Schiffe und kritisierte seinen Kapitän Gonçalo Coelho. Eine vierte Reise folgte 1503, ebenfalls für Manuel I., bei der Vespucci nach einem Schiffbruch ein Fort in Cabo Frio errichtete. Im Jahr 1508 wurde Amerigo Vespucci zum Piloto Mayor ernannt, einem Beamten, der Navigatoren für Amerikareisen prüfte und den "Padrón Real", eine ständig aktualisierte Weltkarte, herausgab. Er heiratete Maria Cerezo aus Sevilla. Vespuccis Briefe, insbesondere der "Mundus Novus", trugen maßgeblich zur Verbreitung der Erkenntnis bei, dass es sich um einen neuen Kontinent handelte.
Amerigo Vespucci wurde in Florenz, Italien, geboren.
Bilder zum Thema Amerigo Vespucci
Bildnachweis
Bildquelle: 1500s_Kunstmann_II_Portolan.jpg Autor: anonymous, attributed to Amerigo Vespucci, via Wikimedia Commons Lizenz: gemeinfrei
Na obra de Fracanzano da Montalboddo, "Paesi nouamente retrovati et Novo Mondo da Alberico Vesputio Florentino intitulato", o nome "Alberico" é usado em vez de "Américo", para identificar o navegador Vespúcio.
Painting entitled "Portrait of Amerigo Vespucci". This is a copy of an earlier painting from the Museo Nationale in Naples mistakenly identified for a long time as being the Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512), painted by Parmigianino. The Naples portrait has since been determined to be a portrait of Giovanni Battista Castaldi, not Vespucci, and probably originally painted by Michelangelo Anselmi (not Parmigianino). (see current entry at Museo Capodimonte). The National Library of Australia still retains this 19th copy by its original title "Portrait of Amerigo Vespucci", and as a result this painting sometimes mistakenly used as an illustration of Vespucci's likeness.
Plate from Americae Rectetio (c.1589), "Discovery of America" showing allegory of Vesucci's voyage to America. Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci is shown on his ship (Vespucci coat of arms depicted on gonfalon on forward mast, middle mast broken). Allegorical symbols include Minerva (science) at right, guiding Vespucci's ship, and a warrior carried by a sea-turtle.
Portrait of Amerigo Vespucci, half-length, facing front, wearing cap and cloak over tunic, and holding a map on a roll; illustration from André Thevet's "Les vrais pourtraits et vies des hommes illustres" (Paris, 1584), p. 526.
Engraving with letterpress below and on verso
Map of America, or the New World, by Theodor de Bry (Flemish, 1528-1598). Titled "America Sive Novus Orbis Respectu Europaeorum Inferior Globi Terrestris Pars, and dated 1596. The four figures are, clockwise from top left, Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, Francisco Pizzaro and Ferdinand Magellan.
Yeni Dünya’nın alegorisi: Amerigo Vespucci uykudaki Amerikalıları uyandırırken.
Bildnachweis
Bildquelle: Americi_Vespucii_1507.jpg Autor: Martin Waldseemüller, via Wikimedia Commons Lizenz: gemeinfrei
Americi Vespucii CROPPED
Waldseemüller map from 1507 is the first map to include the name "America" and the first to depict the Americas as separate from Asia. There is only one surviving copy of the map, which was purchased by the Library of Congress
Portrait of Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci in a turban. Print by Crispijn van de Passe the Elder. The legend around the portrait says "AMERICVS VESPVTIVS FLORENTINVS TERRAE BRESILIANAE INVENTOR ET SUBACTOR", which means "Amerigo Vespucci, from Florence, discoverer and conqueror of the land of Brazil".
Depiction of Amerigo Vespucci's birthplace in Florence, Italy. Black-and-white illustration. From The Historians' History of the World Volume IX page 645.
El Amerigo Vespucci es un buque escuela de la Marina Militar italiana, conocido por su rica historia y su papel en la formación de cadetes.
Historia y Construcción
El Amerigo Vespucci fue construido en 1930 y botado el 22 de febrero de 1931. Su diseño fue realizado por el teniente coronel Francesco Rotundi, quien se inspiró en los barcos de finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX. Este buque lleva el nombre del famoso explorador italiano Amerigo Vespucci, en honor a quien el "Nuevo Mundo" fue denominado América.
Wikipedia
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Características Técnicas
Dimensiones: El Amerigo Vespucci mide aproximadamente 101 metros de largo y tiene una capacidad de desplazamiento de 4,300 toneladas.
Mástiles y Velas: Posee tres mástiles y un total de 26 velas, con una superficie de vela de más de 2,635 metros cuadrados. Esto lo convierte en uno de los barcos más bellos del mundo, reconocido por su majestuosidad.
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Tripulación: La tripulación está compuesta por 264 miembros, incluyendo oficiales y marineros, y puede albergar a estudiantes de la Academia Naval durante sus viajes de entrenamiento.
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Orígenes: 3
Función y Actividades
El Amerigo Vespucci es utilizado principalmente como buque escuela para la formación de cadetes de la Marina Militar italiana. Realiza cruceros alrededor del mundo, donde los cadetes adquieren experiencia práctica en navegación y manejo de embarcaciones a vela. En 2023, comenzó una nueva circunnavegación que se espera finalice en 2025, visitando más de 30 puertos en 28 países.
La Nacion
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Importancia Cultural
El buque no solo es un símbolo de la tradición náutica italiana, sino que también actúa como embajador de la cultura italiana en el mar. Ha participado en eventos significativos, como la apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de 2004 en Atenas y la conmemoración de la batalla de Trafalgar en 2005.
italian-traditions.com
El Amerigo Vespucci continúa siendo un ícono de la Marina Militar italiana y un testimonio de la rica herencia marítima del país. Su lema, "Non chi comincia ma quel che persevera" ("No el que empieza, sino el que persevera"), refleja su legado y la dedicación a la formación de nuevos marineros.
The first known depiction of cannibalism in the New World. Engraving by Johann Froschauer for an edition of Amerigo Vespucci's Mundus Novus, published in Augsburg in 1505. Mundus Novus is Vespucci's account of his third voyage (1501-02) to the New World, specifically to the eastern coast of Brazil. The original caption (in German), reads:
"This figure represents to us the people and island which have been discovered by the Christian King of Portugal or by his subjets. The people are thus naked, handsome, brown, well shaped in body, their heads, necks, arms, private parts, feet of men and women are a little covered in feathers. The men also have many precious stones in their faces and breasts. No one also has anything, but all things are in common. And the men have as wives those who please them, be they mothers, sisters, or friends, therein they make no distinction. They also fight with each other. They also eat each other, even those who are slain, and hang the flesh of them in the smoke. They become one hundred and thirty years old. And have no government."
Plate from Americae Rectetio (c.1589), the discovery of America. On the left is the portrait of the Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci (let hand side, the warrior on tortoise holds the shield of Florence; holder of globe is "Flora"). On the right is the portrait of Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus (warrior holds the shield of Genoa, and holder of globe is "Janus"). Lower part shows western coastline of Italy, with the cities of Florence and Genoa depicted.
==Summary==
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Theodoor Galle: The discovery of America
Artist
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Theodoor Galle (1571–1633)
Alternative names
Dirck Galle, Dirick Galle, Theodor Galle, Theodorus Galle
Description
Flemish printmaker, drawer, engraver and publisher
Date of birth/death
16 July 1571 (baptised)
18 December 1633 (buried)
Location of birth/death
Antwerp
Antwerp
Work location
Rome, Antwerp (ca. 1595-1633)
Authority file
: Q178329
VIAF: 51953651
ISNI: 0000000120257485
ULAN: 500027828
LCCN: no99065599
WGA: g/galle/theodor
WorldCat
artist QS:P170,Q178329
Designer
Stradanus (1523–1605)
Alternative names
Jan van der Straet, Giovanni della Strada, Johannes della Strada, Giovanni Stradano, Johannes Stradano, Giovanni Stradanus, Johannes Stradanus, Jan van Straeten, Jan van Straten
Description
Flemish painter and drawer
Date of birth/death
1523
2 November 1605 / 3 November 1605
Location of birth/death
Bruges
Florence
Work location
Antwerp (1545), Florence (circa 1550-1605), Rome (circa 1550-1553), Montemurlo (1590)
Authority file
: Q143595
VIAF: 29699451
ISNI: 000000008108906X
ULAN: 500011304
LCCN: n84804240
NLA: 35875335
WorldCat
creator QS:P170,Q143595
Title
De ontdekking van Amerika
Part of
Nova Reperta
Publisher
Jan Galle
Object type
engraving
Description
Gravure (http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300041340
), Theodoor Galle, Museum Plantin-Moretus
Medium
gravure
Collection
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Native name
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Location
Antwerp
Coordinates
51° 13′ 05.86″ N, 4° 23′ 53.39″ E
Established
1877
Website
http://www.museumplantinmoretus.be/
Authority file
: Q595802
VIAF: 130668175
ISNI: 0000000122859666
LCCN: n50051109
OSM: 3428464
UNESCO: 1185
WorldCat
institution QS:P195,Q595802
Accession number
PK.OPB.0186.002
References
http://dams.antwerpen.be/asset/d23gd4XnYieVVRSLlNkJxhT7
Source/Photographer
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Native name
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Location
Antwerp
Coordinates
51° 13′ 05.86″ N, 4° 23′ 53.39″ E
Established
1877
Website
http://www.museumplantinmoretus.be/
Authority file
: Q595802
VIAF: 130668175
ISNI: 0000000122859666
LCCN: n50051109
OSM: 3428464
UNESCO: 1185
WorldCat
institution QS:P195,Q595802
Permission(Reusing this file)
This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.enCC0Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedicationfalsefalse
Detail of Demenico Ghirlandaio's fresco Pietà("Lamentation"), from the Cappella Vespucci in the church of Ognissanti, Florence. Historians (e.g. Razzolli, 1955; Arciniegas, 1955) believe this depicts the Dominican scholar Fra Giorgio Antonio Vespucci (in black) and, to his left (in red), his nephew and pupil, the c.20-year-old Amerigo Vespucci, the future navigator.
Title page of first known (1505) edition of the Letter to Soderini by Amerigo Vespucci. This edition does not have dedication to Piero Soderini, but only has a woodcut and entitled "Lettera di Amerigo Vespucci delle isole nuovament trovate in quattro suoi viaggi". It was written by Vespucci in 1504, and published c.1505 by Pietro Pacini in Florence. This is a photographic facsimile reproduction published in 1893 First Four Voyages of Amerigo Vespucci, London: B. Quaritch online
==Summary==
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Jan Collaert II: Amerigo Vespucci discovering the southern cross with an Astrolabium
Artist
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Jan Collaert II
Alternative names
Hans Collaert II
Description
Flemish drawer and printmaker
Date of birth/death
1560sdate QS:P,+1560-00-00T00:00:00Z/8 / 1561 / 1566
1620 / 1628
Location of birth/death
Antwerp
Antwerp
Work period
from 1585 until 1620date QS:P,+1500-00-00T00:00:00Z/6,P580,+1585-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P582,+1620-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
Work location
Antwerp
Authority file
: Q6148719
VIAF: 24765592
ISNI: 0000000117976788
ULAN: 500040711
LCCN: nr96000749
GND: 115813535
WorldCat
artist QS:P170,Q6148719
Designer
Stradanus (1523–1605)
Alternative names
Jan van der Straet, Giovanni della Strada, Johannes della Strada, Giovanni Stradano, Johannes Stradano, Giovanni Stradanus, Johannes Stradanus, Jan van Straeten, Jan van Straten
Description
Flemish painter and drawer
Date of birth/death
1523
2 November 1605 / 3 November 1605
Location of birth/death
Bruges
Florence
Work location
Antwerp (1545), Florence (circa 1550-1605), Rome (circa 1550-1553), Montemurlo (1590)
Authority file
: Q143595
VIAF: 29699451
ISNI: 000000008108906X
ULAN: 500011304
LCCN: n84804240
NLA: 35875335
WorldCat
creator QS:P170,Q143595
Title
De ontdekking van de lengtegraden
Publisher
Jan Galle
Object type
engraving
Description
Gravure (http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300041340
), Jan Collaert II (https://viaf.org/viaf/24765592), Museum Plantin-Moretus
Medium
gravure
Collection
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Native name
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Location
Antwerp
Coordinates
51° 13′ 05.86″ N, 4° 23′ 53.39″ E
Established
1877
Website
http://www.museumplantinmoretus.be/
Authority file
: Q595802
VIAF: 130668175
ISNI: 0000000122859666
LCCN: n50051109
OSM: 3428464
UNESCO: 1185
WorldCat
institution QS:P195,Q595802
Accession number
PK.OPB.0186.016
References
http://dams.antwerpen.be/asset/TcaKYGfoPDfFuLdEoWsELr2k
Source/Photographer
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Native name
Museum Plantin-Moretus
Location
Antwerp
Coordinates
51° 13′ 05.86″ N, 4° 23′ 53.39″ E
Established
1877
Website
http://www.museumplantinmoretus.be/
Authority file
: Q595802
VIAF: 130668175
ISNI: 0000000122859666
LCCN: n50051109
OSM: 3428464
UNESCO: 1185
WorldCat
institution QS:P195,Q595802
Permission(Reusing this file)
This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.enCC0Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedicationfalsefalse
Bildnachweis
Bildquelle: Italian_explorers.jpg Autor: Own work, via Wikimedia Commons Lizenz: gemeinfrei
Painted for the celebrations of the 4th centenary of the discovery of the Americas. The painting shows Pedro Álvares Cabral, kneeling with a portfolio in his hands. The old man with glasses, holding a compasses, could be Luca Pacioli. At the background, from left to right, Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama and Amerigo Vespucci.
Photograph of fresco painting "Explorer Vespucius" located in rotunda, Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House, New York, New YorkNotes:
Artist: Reginald Marsh, 1937.
Photographed as part of an assignment for the General Services Administration.
Title information, date, and subject note provided by the photographer.
Credit line: Photographs in the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
Gift; Carol M. Highsmith; 2009; (DLC/PP-2009:083).
Forms part of the Carol M. Highsmith Archive.
More information
Street signs at the intersection of Metropolitan Avenue and Graham Avenue in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Graham Avenue is named "Via Vespucci" after Amerigo Vespucci, a nod to the historic Italian community in the neighborhood.
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