William der Jüngere Pitt war ein britischer Premierminister, der am 28. Mai 1759 geboren wurde und am 23. Januar 1806 verstarb. Er galt als einer der bedeutendsten Redner des britischen Parlaments. Als zweiter Sohn kam William Pitt 1759 zur Welt und wurde bis zu seinem vierzehnten Lebensjahr zu Hause unterrichtet. Trotz schwächlicher Gesundheit zeigte er früh Interesse an Politik und schloss in Cambridge eine lebenslange Freundschaft mit William Wilberforce. 1781 erlangte Pitt einen Sitz im Unterhaus für die Whigpartei. Er sprach sich gegen den Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg aus und trug zum Sturz des Premierministers North bei. Seine Forderungen nach Reformen brachten ihm Popularität ein. 1782 wurde er Schatzkanzler und erklärte sich zum Gegner von Charles James Fox. Im Dezember 1783 wurde William Pitt erstmals Premierminister. Er sicherte sich eine überwältigende Mehrheit und ordnete die Staatsfinanzen. Pitt unterstellte die Ostindische Kompanie der Krone und setzte sich in einer Rede für die schrittweise Abschaffung des Sklavenhandels ein. Die Französische Revolution veranlasste den Premierminister zu konservativeren Maßnahmen und zur Vereinigung Irlands mit England im Jahr 1800. Als König Georg III. die von Pitt versprochene Emanzipation der irischen Katholiken ablehnte, trat Pitt 1801 zurück. Im Mai 1804 kehrte William Pitt ins Amt zurück, forcierte eine Aufrüstung und bildete eine Koalition gegen Frankreich. Die Anstrengungen und die Nachricht von der Niederlage bei Austerlitz beeinträchtigten seine schwache Gesundheit erheblich. Er verstarb am 23. Januar 1806 mit den Worten „Oh my country!“. Das Parlament beglich seine Schulden, da er kein Vermögen angesammelt hatte.
William der Jüngere Pitt wurde in Kent, England, geboren.
Portrait of the Right Honourable William Pitt the Younger (1759-1806), three-quarter-length, in a black coat, standing before a column and gold brocade drape.
The present portrait is one of various versions by Hoppner of Pitt the Younger. The original is considered to be that commissioned by Lord Mulgrave in 1804 and which is now at Cowdray Park. The original portrait was still in the artist’s studio two years later when Pitt died and applications for copies were immediately submitted by Pitt’s friends and colleagues.
The provenance of the Marquesses of Londonderry is of particular note, given that Robert Stewart, first Marquess of Londonderry, was elevated to the peerage by Pitt as Baron Londonderry in 1789. He was later created Viscount Castlereagh on 1 October 1795, Earl of Londonderry on 8 August 1796, and later Marquess of Londonderry after Pitt’s death. Lord Castlereagh played an important role throughout Pitt’s attempts to reform the Irish Parliament and to bring about greater unity between Westminster and Dublin.
John Bull, a shock-headed yokel in a smock, stands directed to the left, holding a tankard, at whose surprising contents he peers. A tiny figure of Pitt, inscribed 'Four Pence per Quart', emerges from the pot, saying: "Indeed Johnny, it is no fault of mine - I only stept in to see if they had given you good liquor for your money." 3 December 1799
Hand-coloured etching, partly aquatinted
Satire on the paper currency: Pitt stuffs the mouth of John Bull with 20 shilling notes while hoarding Spanish dollars. 14 March 1797
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt lies on the ground face downwards, having fallen from an overturned rectangular pedestal (right). This is inscribed 'Plaster of Paris', and has the inscription: 'Erected in Honor of a Treaty of Commerce and Friendship between two Rivals Nations'. He has been overthrown by a blast inscribed 'Amsterdamers Gale'. His body is 'British Brass'. A torn scroll hangs above his head: 'Plan for paying off the national Debt'; torn fragments inscribed 'Peace Establishment' lie on the ground. Under his left arm is a document: 'French Treaty, or a long and lasting Peace secured by reciprocal Advantages'. A torn paper is inscribed 'System of Treaties'. Beneath the title is etched:
'Alas, Poor Billy! - I know him well Britannia; a fellow of infinite Vanity, of most consummate Conceit; he hath sworn a thousand times to the goodness of his Treaty of Amity and Commerce; and now, how easily a Dutch Squall overturns it - Here hang those lips that have deceived I know not how oft. Where be your reciprocal advantages, your lasting Peace, your French Faith, and where your Gibes that were wont to set your Boys on a roar? Not one now, to mock your own grining? quite chop-fallen? - Now get ye to your Juvenile Crew, and tell them that however they strut and brag inexperience to this must come! make them laugh at that --- --- ---
Parody from Hamlet by Publico -' 12 October 1787
Etching
Political satire; Pitt is shown in a soft cap, looking anxious, sitting in an armchair while another seated man, possibly representing John Bull, takes his hand, admonishing him; Pitt asks what he could have done, with the place so well paid and comfortable, to which the other replies:"I'm afraid you have been tampering with a Good Constitution - you have staid too long in one Place.". September 1798
Hand-coloured etching with aquatint
Pitt, assailed by an angry mob, is galloping for shelter to the gate of the '[Tre]asury' (left), which his horse's head has just reached. He stoops forward to escape a shower of brick-bats, onions, eggs, cats, &c. A cat strikes his face, an egg, broken against the Treasury wall, bursts into his mouth. A man holds his horse by the tail, helped by a sailor and another man who form a chain. A tall man (? Thelwall) is about to hurl a cat which he holds by the tail. Another cat, a wig, a shoe, a rat, &c, are flying through the air. A 'Bill to Prevent Sedition' is behind Pitt and above the heads of the crowd. A bulldog, his collar inscribed '[John] Bull', runs viciously under Pitt's horse, about to bite. Pitt's horse has a saddle-cloth on which is a crown and is evidently the White Horse of Hanover, cf. BMSat 8691, &c. On the Treasury wall is a torn placard: 'Proclation [sic] 1000. . . '. 26 December 1795
Hand-coloured etching
An elderly Justice of Peace (left), in profile to the left, approaches the side of a rustic latrine, a lean-to without a door; within, concealed from the man, an old woman in profile to the left is superintending a little girl who sits on the seat; in her hand is a torn paper: 'The Last Speech or Dying words of Liberty'. On the side of the shed has been chalked a childish caricature of Pitt with (or hanging from) a gallows. The magistrate, who wears old-fashioned dress, says, with wrinkled nose and extended hand: "I am sure I smell Treason and by Virtue of my office I have a right to peep every where, Mercy on us! - what a Seditious Grumbling." See BMSat 8687, &c. 18 November 1795
Hand-coloured etching
An elderly Justice of Peace (left), in profile to the left, approaches the side of a rustic latrine, a lean-to without a door; within, concealed from the man, an old woman in profile to the left is superintending a little girl who sits on the seat; in her hand is a torn paper: 'The Last Speech or Dying words of Liberty'. On the side of the shed has been chalked a childish caricature of Pitt with (or hanging from) a gallows. The magistrate, who wears old-fashioned dress, says, with wrinkled nose and extended hand: "I am sure I smell Treason and by Virtue of my office I have a right to peep every where, Mercy on us! - what a Seditious Grumbling." See BMSat 8687, &c. 18 November 1795
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt (left), tall and thin, holds out a large scroll to John Bull, a countryman in top-boots. He says: "There Master John, we'll endeavour to furnish you with afresh Bill of fare next week". The scroll, the rolled end of which rests on the floor, is inscribed: 'Hamburgh Mails. \ News from Paris. \ German Gazzettes. \ Report \ of secret Committe. \ Income Tax \ Race \ between \ Diamond, & \ Hambletonian, \ at \ Newmarket. \ Deliverance of Europe. \ News from Egypt. \ bitto [sic] \ from Ireland. \ Important \ Intelligence, \ from \ The East Indies'. John points to 'Diamond', saying, "Dang it Measter - let times go how they will - I must have a bet on one of them Horses." 27 March 1799
Hand-coloured etching
Aesculapius (c. 1770-1780) and William Pitt (c. 1787), by Josiah Wedgwood and Sons. Exhibit in the Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Political satire; Pitt in a nightgown holds out a hand to a figure of Britannia on a throne, asking "Shall we or shall we not?", to which she replies "Which you please."; both carry short daggers; Fox, peeking out from under the throne says "They'll do Nothing at last". 15 June 1791
Hand-coloured etching
Satire on Union of Britain and Ireland; a very small, thin Pitt is shown looking alarmed, above the label "An English Twig", beside a gigantic figure with one hand on his hip, who extends the other hand in greeting above the label "an Irish Shillelee". March 1800
Hand-coloured etching
Satire on Union of Britain and Ireland; a very small, thin Pitt is shown looking alarmed, above the label "An English Twig", beside a gigantic figure with one hand on his hip, who extends the other hand in greeting above the label "an Irish Shillelee". March 1800
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt (left) sits in profile to the right beside a writing-table, pen in hand; he looks up with dismay at a man (right) who approaches, hat in hand, holding up one leg to display his stocking. The visitor says: "Please your Honor - I am a Delegate - from the worthy and respectable Society of Hosiers, to know whether your Honor means to extend the Tax to Clocks upon Stockings." He holds his three-cornered hat; the stamp of the royal arms inside the crown shows that it has been taxed. Pitt holds a large 'Tax Pen'; his left hand rests on a scroll headed '[T]axes', the list incomplete: 'Shoe Strings Knee Strings Hair Strings Halte...'. A bundle of 'Tax Pens worn out' lies on the table. Other 'Tax Pens' stand in a large pot of 'Permanent Ink'. 9 August 1797
Hand-coloured etching
John Bull, a much overburdened soldier, looks up in angry dismay at a helmet inscribed 'Glory' which Pitt (left) is about to place on his head. He says, "O D----n the Glory I shall never be able to bear it all!" Pitt stands in profile to the right; the large plumed helmet which he holds up in both hands is irradiated. From his pocket hangs a long paper headed 'List of Ships £5000000'. John Bull, short and stout, stands full face wearing a gorget, with two pistols in his belt, a long sabre suspended horizontally from his waist, its blade inscribed 'Twenty more Kill em!' He holds a blunderbuss in his right hand, which fires 'Pop Pop' into the air; a large pike in his left hand, a broadsword held in his left arm; a musket and a huge knapsack are slung on his back. In the foreground are ordnance stores: a barrel (left) inscribed 'Right Rich - mond double Proof' with cannon-balls, and (right) a cannon, cannon-balls, drum, and flag. In the background a fleet of ships sails from the shore on which stands a cheering crowd. 6 August 1790
Hand-coloured etching
Assassination October 6, 1789 (caricature)
Caricature of plotting against the king (George III) by Charles Fox, George is defended by William Pitt (a handwritten note identifies him here as Lord Nelson); the analogy used is an event on October 6, 1789 during the en:The Women's March on Versailles.
Print
Pitt, very drunk, leans against the wall of a room, his right arm rests on a map inscribed 'Gold Coast Bengal'; he points to the former name, saying, "de Claret - Claret - Claret - Tory - tory - tory." His chair (right) has been overturned, under his feet are papers inscribed 'List of India Directors'; in his left hand is the 'de-Claretory Bill'. On a table (left) are wine-glasses and a decanter of Claret, empty bottles lie on the ground. 17 March 1788
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt, very thin and tall, strides towards the Exchequer (left), a high and narrow doorway surmounted by a crown, into which he is carrying the Bank of England, whose long façade he holds on his shoulder. He says, "Why I can carry this with ease, ay or any thing else". From it falls a paper inscribed 'Bank Stock'. He tramples on two papers: 'Public Credit and Public Faith'. In the upper right corner of the design is an oval balloon inscribed 'Floating Balance'. The design resembles, and is probably imitated from, Sayers' 'Transfer of East India Stock', see BMSat 6271. 26 March 1791
Etching with hand-colouring
Pitt, his hair rising in terror, runs in profile to the left towards the Devil, who stands before the flames of Hell. With his left hand he throws behind him coins towards the three greedy heads of Cerberus, who is chained to a stone wall on the extreme right. The Devil stands expectantly, holding a long trident. He is naked, with bird's wings, and the feet of a bird of prey. Above his head flies a winged monster with a barbed tail. On the horizon is a burning town.
The three heads of Cerberus have moustaches, one very long. One paw rests on a purse. 26 October 1794
Etching, partly aquatinted
Political satire; Pitt runs after an Irishman, holding out a harness, with a padlock attached to the bit; the Irishman runs away, tears running down his face, clasping his hands together; below him is written "Alas! poor patt!". 1799
Hand-coloured etching
Political satire; a figure of Britannia lies under a tower of bricks, each labelled with a tax, her head on a sack marked "Budget", exclaiming "'Tis More Than I can Bear"; to the left are the Archbishop of Cantebury, saying "Blessed is he who Buildeth on a good foundation ...", and Pitt, saying "My Yoke is Easy and my Burden light"; to the right is a figure with a magnifying glass, exclaiming on the size of the tower, and a dog with a man's face and a scholar's cap. 30 May 1791
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt stands erect, each hand in a large sack full of coins which leans against him. From his head extend branches covered with large flowers which fill more than half the design. A blast inscribed 'Vox Populi' is directed at them causing their leaves to flutter to the ground. The stomach of Pitt, who is very thin, is inscribed 'Poverty'; the sacks are (left) 'Fruit for Family Use' and (right) 'Fruit, 60,000 Annual'. The branches are inscribed 'Pride', 'Presumption', 'Obstinacy', and 'Petulance'. The flowers are: 'Fortifications' (BMSat 6921, &c), 'Tax on Maids' (BMSat 6794, &c), 'Tax on Farmers' (cf. BMSat 6672), 'Coalition with Dundas', 'Manchester Fustian Duty', 'Stamp Duties' (BMSat 6914, &c), 'Tax on Windows', 'Commutation' (BMSat 6634, &c), 'Test Act' (cf. BMSat 7628, &c), 'French Treaty' (a fleur-de-lis) (BMSat 6995, &c), 'Irish Propositions' (BMSat 6785, &c), 'Standing Army', 'Four Regiments', 'Declaratory Bill' (BMSat 7280, &c), 'A Landman First Lord Building at the Admiralty' (Chatham had succeeded Howe, cf. BMSat 7482), 'Shop Tax' (BMSat 6798, &c), 'Reform neglected' (BMSat 6478, &c), 'Scrutiny' (BMSat 6553, &c), 'Excise Law', 'Peerage' (BMSat 6631, &c), 'Dissolution' (BMSat 6476, &c), 'Flag Promotion' (BMSat 7126, &c), 'Regency' (BMSat 7382, &c), 'Patronage', 'India Controul' (BMSat 7152, &c). Some of the flowers have formed fruit, some of which has fallen to the ground: 'Pension', with leaves inscribed 'Watson's Windfall' (BMSat 6965, &c), and 'Pension', the leaves inscribed 'Carleton's Windfall' (ibid.). Other fruit on the ground is 'Sinecures', 'Gratuities', and '12,000'. Beneath the title is etched 'Addressed to the Addressers'. 8 January 1789
Etching
Four constables (right) stand before a Justice displaying a stuffed effigy of Pitt. One of them stands on a stool, holding the noose of rope which encircles the neck, so that the figure, in profile to the left, glares down at the Justice. The latter leans back in his chair frowning up at the effigy through his spectacles. The constable on the stool says: "This is the way please your Worship - the young Gentleman was hanging - when I and my Comrades cut him down!!" The man beside him says: "A notorious Likeness please your Worship!!" Two constables stand stiffly behind, holding long staves. 18 December 1797
Hand-coloured etching and aquatint
John Bull (left) addresses Pitt, who drags behind him a puppet-show on wheels, the front of which is removed, showing the interior of the House of Commons. Pitt, right hand on breast, bows towards John, who is a stout yokel in a tattered and belted smock; in his left hand are the strings which, passing through the end of the box containing the puppets, are attached to the figures inside, including the Speaker and members on both sides of the House. The galleries are empty. He is very thin with swathed gouty legs and large slashed shoes. John wears spectacles, an empty purse hangs from his belt, he holds his hat, in the crown of which are the royal arms, the stamp showing payment of the tax.
He bends towards Pitt, saying, "I cant get a peep at what is going on in the Box. now thats very hard. I always had had a look in when I liked - Now Bless ye Master Billy let me have one Squiny". Pitt answers: "I assure you Mr Bull - I know no more than you do, what is going forward! - I have been ill with the gout, a considerable time [see BMSat 9226] - Besides if you were to peep - the Machinery is intirely beyond your shallow comprehention!" The open front of the puppet-show is draped, like the proscenium of a theatre, with a curtain, and this is inscribed 'Mobilitate Viget \ Virgil'. A stout member is speaking, close to the Speaker's table. The benches are full. 16 July 1798.
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt visits the quack de Loutherbourg to be cured of his (supposed) unpopularity. He walks (left to right) with crutches, one gouty leg is swathed with bandages inscribed 'Excise'; he is grotesquely thin. Two stout citizens, one on each side of him, are puffing clouds of smoke in his face inscribed 'Sir R. Walpole's Legacy'. He says, "Dear Doctor relieve me from the Fumes of discontent - set me on my Legs and make a Man of me". The fashionably dressed doctor stands in the centre of the room, in profile to the left, addressing Pitt, and pointing to an oval half length portrait of Chatham on the wall. He says, "I can Cure my poor Patients vidout trouble or expence - but to make de Man of you by Cot I could as soon animate de Canvas". Chatham holds a paper inscribed 'Magna Charta et libertas'; the frame is inscribed 'Right Honble Wm Pitt Earl of Chatham'. On a bench against the wall (left) is a row of 'Incurable Curables': a man without a leg, a woman without arms, a man without a head and with only one arm, a man without arms, a man with half a head. Above their heads 'Miracles never cease!!!' is inscribed within a triangle formed of the names of three notorious quacks: 'Graham', 'Loutherbourg', 'Katterfelto'. In front of these patients is a table on which is a book: 'Medicine - Faith', and a long scroll lying partly on the ground: 'Cures by a Touch. A Maiden of the Green Sickness - A Ditto of a nine months Dropsy - A Child without legs made to go - A Man without a Head made to comprehend - A Lawyer cured of a spotted fever - A Lady of a scarlet Fever - A Bishop of a Lethargy - An Alderman of craving - A Justice of Deafness - A Statesm[an] of Blindness &c &c.' Under the table-cloth is seen a pile of guineas; above this is a placard of the 'Bottle Conjuror' (the bottle-imp issuing from his bottle), below which is inscribed 'Loutherbourg Exd.' On the wall (left) is a placard: 'Question to the Professor - Why not cure the Poor Blind if such a Blessing can be bestowed without Expence or Trouble?'. 20 July 1789
Etching with hand-colouring
Pitt stands (left), flogging a top (right) surmounted by the head of Fox; tears gush from the closed eyes. Fox wears a bonnet-rouge and registers intense melancholy. Pitt scowls down at him, his head turned in profile, left arm bent, with closed fist. His right hand, raised above his head, holds a scourge, whose lashes are close to the top which is shaped like a pointed and decapitated egg. 21 November 1796
Hand-coloured etching
The stalwart Tierney (left) and the lathlike Pitt (right) face each other, each with two pistols. Tierney fires at Pitt with horizontal right arm; Pitt fires into the air. Between and behind them are Britannia and her lion; she throws up her arms in terror, screaming, "oh Murder my Darling's in Danger oh! oh!" The agitated lion rolls on his back, exclaiming, "oh dear! oh dear". Dundas, in Highland dress, is Pitt's second, he clasps a large decanter with a crown for a stopper, inscribed 'Treasury Cordial'; he turns to shout to Britannia: "Never fear your favorite Boy is in no Danger, if I was as well made for fighting I'd challenge them all". Pitt, wearing a bag-wig, stands stiffly in profile with his feet together, his thinness much exaggerated. Tierney says: "D------it one might as well shoot at a Rush light". He is standing under an empty gibbet inscribed 'late Abershaw'. His second stands in the middle distance, with clasped hands, looking at Pitt, and saying: "oh what a Pity 'tis it did not hit his waistcoat". The scene is a grassy heath with distant trees. In the background is one of the new telegraphs (see BMSat 9232): a shed behind which is a high frame with (movable) letters which record Bloody news shot. 26 May 1798
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt stands in profile to the left, as an angel with outspread wings, wearing quasi-classical dress, a long cloak hanging from his shoulders. He leans forward, his right arm extended, and appears to be calling towards him a number of cherubs' winged heads, to which are attached labels inscribed: 'Tax on Women', 'Tax on Eating', 'Tax on Air', 'Tax on Sleep', 'Tax on Drinking', 'Tax on Exercise'. In his left hand is a document inscribed 'Budget', the only title to the print. The arrangement suggests a design for a stained glass window. 21 February 1792
Etching
Satire: the Pope kissing Napoleon's bare backside, William Pitt the Younger waiting in line and Charles James Fox and Richard Brinsley Sheridan cheering. 9 November 1797
Hand-coloured etching
A scene in the House of Commons. Pitt stands by the table in back view, right arm held out, his head turned to address Fox. Fox (right) and North are seated on the front Opposition bench; Fox, wearing his hat and holding a stick, bites his fingers and turns his head away from Pitt, looking sulky and abashed. North, his forehead puckered in a frown, conceals his face behind a paper on which he is writing. The Speaker, Cornwall, stands (left) in profile to the right; below him the Clerks of the House, John Hatsell, Clerk (left), and John Ley, Clerk Assistant (right), are seated at the table. Beneath the title is etched:
"Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? quamdiu etiam" "furor iste tuus nos eludet? &c &c". 17 March 1785
Etching
John Bull, grotesquely stout, is pressed downwards by a large rolled document which rests on his head inscribed 'Revision 3000 Resolutions Simplefication'. This roll is pressed down by three persons who rest their hands on it, their legs in the air, as if jumping to increase the pressure which has already so much compressed John Bull, concertina-fashion, that his arms reach the ground, and his contour is quasi-rectangular. The central figure is Pitt, saying, "Come, boys, since they say we have well begun, Let's bear hard till the whole's comprest in one". The other two are probably Rose and Steele, the Treasury Secretaries. The words 'Stamps' and 'Incidents' are inscribed on John Bull's shoulders, 'Custom' and 'Excise' (crossing each other) on his body. 27 February 1787
Etching
A copy in reverse of the British (right) portion of BMSat 7546 (showing the slavery of Britain). The title continues: 'Ou le triumphe du Ministre Pitt, foulant aux pieds la Couronne d' Angleterre, dune main il tient une hache et les chaines dont il a su charger la Nation et le Roi, de l'autre il parte le Drapeau de l'Esclavage, les impôts et les Echafauds sont les moyens qu'il employe pour soutenir son pouvoir chancelant.' 1793?
Hand-coloured etching
Satire against England: Pitt strides forward holding a flag next to a crown, while chained figures cringe at his feet, and a scaffold and executioner occupy the background. 1794?
Etching and aquatint
Pitt standing on a large crown, in profile to right, holding a banner adorned with instruments of torture, and an aze and the chains manacling the pleading populace kneeling around him; an exetutioner on a dias behind to left, a gallows to right.
Etching with mezzotint
Pitt, Thurlow, and the Queen in conference sit at a round table as three characters from O'Hara's burletta, 'Midas'. Pitt as Pan has goat's legs; he is seated on a stool and says "I'll snore"; he is labelled 'Delay & Weakness' but has a paper, 'Energy', 'Vigour', 'Dispatch'. Thurlow, as Midas, opposite him says "I'll swear" (cf. BMSat 7320); he is labelled 'Pliability' but has a book: 'Positive Man a Farce [by O'Keefe]'. The Queen sits between them, looking slyly at Pitt and saying, "W'll share". She is dressed like a farmer's wife; she grasps a heap of small fish, evidently denoting the patronage accruing from her control of the King's Household under the Regency Bill (cf. BMSat 7488). Before her is a book: 'Housewifery'. Coins fall from the over-full pockets of Pitt and Thurlow. On the front of the cloth which covers the table is a bunch of grapes inscribed 'Unanimity'. On the wall behind Pitt's head is a crown, above which is 'Virtually', and below it, 'Bill Pert's Plan'. On the floor by Pitt is a reptilian creature bristling with barbed fangs and inscribed 'Young G's letter'. Near Thurlow is a paper torn in half: 'Plan \ by One'. On the wall are two pictures: one (left) is 'Secret Influence'. Pitt empties a sack of guineas into a pit, Thurlow comes up with a sack ('10000') on his shoulders, while (?) Arden sits in a cart with other sacks, grasping one inscribed '10000'. The Queen, with a broom, assists Pitt to fill his pit. The other (right) is 'Public Transfer': a stout lady, probably Mrs. Schwellenberg (cf. BMSats 7383, 7501), leads 'To Germany' a horse inscribed 'Hanover Hack' which is heavily laden with money-bags inscribed 'Savings'. Beneath the title is etched:
'Midas, by Old Gruff - Pan, by Young Pert, and Mysis, by a Lady,
for the first time.
Pan. Master G------e and Fitz,
And toll de roll wits
I'll buffet away from the Crown, Sir,
Midas. And I'll assist
Your Honor's fist
With all my might and main, Sir.
. . . . . . . .
Pan. For wenching feats
And Reynard's Cheats
He shall have naught to please 'em,
Mysis. Nor touch by goles,
The household Coles,
Of that trouble we'll ease 'em.
. . . . . . . .
Omnis. We'll share,
And I warrant in Council we'll Sack it.' 28 January 1789
Etching
Satire: four ragged figures, caricatures of (l-r) William Pitt the Younger, Charles James Fox, Richard Brinsley Sheridan and the Duke of Norfolk as street-vendors; the left of a sequence of three sheets. May 1797
Hand-coloured etching, touched with graphite in figure of William Pitt
Political satire; on the quayside, with ships in the background, Pitt sits on a throne made of a box labelled "Tobacco", and others labelled "General Excise" in front of sacks labelled "Secret Influence £100,000" and "General Election £100,000" and flanked by gentlemen carrying a mace and staffs; in front kneel a crowd of commoners, one holding a paper labelled "Repeal". c. 1792
Hand-coloured etching
Title: Excise inquisition erecting by English slaves under the scourge of their task-masters the excise officers
Abstract: A British satire on an attempt by William Pitt and George Rose to transfer to excise law certain import duties; standing in opposition is Edward Thurlow. The central image shows Britannia, wrapped in a blanket labeled "Extension of Excise," being rocked to sleep in a cradle by Pitt and Rose. Another man, possibly William Mainwaring, is holding Britannia's spear and shield which is labeled "Maner" and saying "By, by, lullaby"; to the right of his feet is the British lion, blindfolded and chained to the ground. The destruction of the "Bastille" is shown in the upper right corner; by depicting the Bastille in a state of ruin, reference is made to the recent liberation of the French, and by implication, to the tyranny under which the British continue to live.
Physical description: 1 print : etching.
Notes: Attributed to Dent in BM CPPS.; Printed on laid paper with watermark: S LAY.; Forms part of: British Cartoon Prints Collection (Library of Congress).; With caption: "Their Persons, their Property, their Reputation, their Lives were abandoned to the arbitrary decisions of a Court of Inquisition and sanctioned against the backs of a certain Class of British Subjects, ..." which concludes with "Vide. Alarming Progress of French Politics. Page 24."; Title from item.
Social satire; Pitt the Younger portrayed as a monkey, with regalia and his crown hanging on a chain around his neck, in a field labelled "Windsor Park"; below the image a text explains that this animal is confounding naturalists, who suppose it to be an offspring of the devil. 2 July 1795
Hand-coloured etching
Design in a circle. Profile masks of Fox (left) and Pitt (right), back to back. Fox, scarcely caricatured but a poor portrait, smiles; Pitt, caricatured, weeps with drawn-down mouth. Beneath the title:
'Il est bien terns Mons Pitt de pleurer quand Fox rit.
L'orsque les Français de toi seront en face
Bon Dieu qu'elle grimace
feras-tu donc alors? quel sera ton dépit!
Trompé dans ton attente,
Pour ton pays, qu'en résultera t'il?
Une descente,
Ainsi-soit-il.' 1798
Etching and stipple
Political satire; Pitt is shown kneeling in a field gathering mushrooms which are actually little crowned heads, and putting them in a basket; he is helped by a man with an apron and a soft hat with a feather. 15 November 1797
Hand-coloured etching
Pitt, a naked spectral creature, advances menacingly towards Fox, who is scarcely caricatured, and who holds his ground, right leg raised as if about to kick, snapping his fingers in Pitt's face. Pitt (left) is very thin and tall, with large head and glaring eyeballs. Fox holds out his three-cornered hat in his left hand as if speaking in the House of Commons; his waistcoat is unbuttoned, allowing his shirt to escape. 5 November 1797
Etching and aquatint
Pitt, 'chapeau-bras', stalks haughtily from his coach (left) towards the door of the House of Commons (right), his head thrown back, left hand on his breast, a small empty bag in his right hand. Documents inscribed 'Taxes' protrude from his coat-pocket. Spectators cluster in the foreground to see him pass. A very stout constable with a long staff motions them back, shouting, "make way there for the Minister Take Care of your Pockets". He wears the red waistcoat of the Bow-street runner and is probably Townsend (there is a certain resemblance to Dighton's portrait). A stout citizen puts his hands in his coat-pockets, pulling them together to protect them from Pitt at whom he stares fixedly. A young man puts his hand on his shoulder and points at his pocket. A young woman looks contemptuously at Pitt, saying, "what a bit of a thing it is". Behind Pitt a footman folds up the steps of his carriage and is about to shut the door. A dog, his collar inscribed 'Paid for', sniffs at the man and befouls his leg. The fat coachman sits impassively on the box. 28 November 1796
Hand-coloured etching
Britannia, with Pitt and Dundas, regards a fort (right) from which flies a British flag. Before the fort stands an Indian potentate in chains; he turns his head in profile to the left to scowl at Britannia. Britannia is seated, on her right stands Pitt, on her left Dundas. Behind Pitt (left) is a military officer, evidently Cornwallis, resting his hand on his sword and looking down at a kneeling Indian woman (left) who holds out a scroll: 'Chart of India and Deccan'. In the foreground on the extreme left 'the patriot' stands in profile to the right holding a pen. In the background is the sea. On the design (right) is etched:
'The Patriot's eye in a fine phrensy rolling,
Doth glance from Heaven to Hell, from Hell to Heaven!
And as imagination bodies forth the forms of things unknown
The Patriot's pen turns them to shapes, and gives
To airy nothing a local habitation and a name.'
Beneath the title is etched: 'Britannia triumphant'; 'Tyranny punished'; and the peaceable possession of Indian secured to Great Britain for ever!' c. September 1791
Etching with hand-colouring
Political satire against England, a version of BM Satires 8434 which attacked Dundas's recommendations for a public subscription for the raising of bodies of volunteers after the evacuation of Toulon on 19 December 1793. Pitt sits in despair at a table looking at sheets with bad news, while King George and Queen Charlotte look on; behind him is Fox and a devil. 1794; this state 1805
Etching and aquatint
Pitt, leaping through the air and surrounded by demons, pursues (left to right) fleeing swine with human heads. In his right hand he flourishes a scourge with three weighted lashes, two inscribed 'Powder Tax', the third 'Wig Tax'. The swine wear wigs or have long hair. In his left hand he holds a sceptre terminating in a spike with which he prods a pig which turns round to snarl. Two of the attendant demons breathe fire and hold firebrands. A small demon prods with a trident and seizes the tail of a large pig which leaps through the air, its wig flying from its head. Another rides a pig, flourishing a scourge. Four birds (right) fly away. Pitt is grotesquely caricatured as are the heads of the swine. 1795?
Etching
Bildnachweis
Bildquelle: Holwood,_near_Keston._Kent_(BM_T,7.7).jpg Autor: Wikipedia / Print made by: T Scandret
After: Decimus Burton
Printed by: Charles Joseph Hullmandel Lizenz: gemeinfrei
Two views printed from one plate:
[Above]: View of the county house, seen from the ground.
[Below]: Floor plan of the house with a scale. 1823
Lithograph
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