Henry Dunant war ein Schweizer Geschäftsmann, der am 8. Mai 1828 in Genf geboren wurde und am 30. Oktober 1910 verstarb. Dunant stammte aus einer religiösen Familie und wurde schon früh zu sozialem Engagement angehalten. Er besuchte die Sonntagsschule und schloss sich später verschiedenen christlichen Vereinigungen an, wo er sich um Arme und Gefangene kümmerte. Im Auftrag einer Genfer Handelsgesellschaft reiste Dunant nach Algerien und gründete dort eine Kolonialgesellschaft mit einem Mühlengeschäft. Um seine geschäftlichen Interessen zu fördern, nahm er die französische Staatsbürgerschaft an. Auf einer Reise nach Solferino im Jahr 1859 wurde er Zeuge der schrecklichen Zustände nach einer Schlacht. Er organisierte daraufhin mit Freiwilligen die Versorgung der Verwundeten und Kranken. Diese Erfahrung bewegte ihn tief und er beschloss, sich für eine Verbesserung der humanitären Hilfe im Krieg einzusetzen. Zurück in Genf schrieb Dunant das Buch "Eine Erinnerung an Solferino", in dem er seine Erlebnisse schilderte und die Idee von Hilfsorganisationen zur Versorgung von Verwundeten entwickelte. Sein Buch fand grossen Anklang und führte 1863 zur Gründung des Internationalen Komitees vom Roten Kreuz. Dunant wurde Sekretär des Komitees, geriet aber in Konflikt mit Gustave Moynier. Nach geschäftlichen Problemen und einem daraus resultierenden Skandal wurde er aus dem Komitee ausgeschlossen und lebte lange in Armut. Erst später wurde Dunant für seine Verdienste um die Gründung des Roten Kreuzes geehrt und erhielt 1901 den Friedensnobelpreis. Die letzten Jahre seines Lebens verbrachte er zurückgezogen im Schweizer Ort Heiden.
The earlierst records - "Ancien Fonds" - of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in its public archives at the headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
Shelves in the archives of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) containing pre-1914 records at the headquearters in Geneva, Switzerland. - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
Shelves in the archives of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) containing pre-1914 records at the headquearters in Geneva, Switzerland. - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
Shelves at the archives of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) containing pre-1914 records (up to the red file folders) at the headquearters in Geneva, Switzerland. - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
In 1887, Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross, settled in Heiden (Switzerland), where he lived quietly and devoted himself to religious devotion and contemplation. He assiduously reread the Bible – he was especially fascinated by the Book of Daniel and the Apocalypse – and felt himself to be invested with a spiritual mission. He undertook to explain his prophetic understanding of history in four large didactic diagrams. His views were based largely on the ideas of the pastor Louis Gaussen (1790–1863), an influential figure of the Protestant Awakening in Geneva, who advocated a direct relationship between believers and God. Dunant spent considerable time on the drawings, organising the symbolic elements according to a strict logic, making preparatory sketches and painstakingly incorporating drawings and colourings into his chronology. Through these depictions of the history of prophetic and apocalyptic salvation, the founder of the Red Cross outlined his vision of a better world. The diagrams summarized all his universal ideas and marshalled them as proof of the worsening scourge of militarism and the coming final cataclysm. At that time, Dunant was convinced that the apocalypse was imminent.
Collage of the founders of the all-male founders and earliest members of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC): Henry Dunant, Gustave Moynier, Edmond Boissier, Alfred Gautier, Edouard Naville, Horace Micheli, Frédéric Ferriere, Gustave Ador, Edouard Odier, Adolphe d'Espine, Paul des Gouttes, Adolphe Moynier
The reading room of the Library of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Geneva, Switzerland, with a poster of ICRC founder Henri Dunant to the right.
Cover of "Un Souvenir de Solferino" (A Memory of Solferino) by Henry Dunant, first edition published in 1862 in Geneva, which led to the founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). Copy preserved by the ICRC Library in Geneva, Switzerland
Last page of the handwritten minutes of the first meeting of the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, the precursor of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), signed by its Secretary Henry Dunant. It is the very first document collected by the ICRC archives. - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
First page of the handwritten minutes of the first meeting of the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, the precursor of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), signed by its Secretary Henry Dunant. It is the first document collected by the ICRC archives. - Photo taken and uploaded in the context of the International Archives Week 2020 of Wikimedia Switzerland, Austria and Germany and the Association of Swiss Archivists.
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Bildquelle: J.H._Dunant_&_F._Passy-2.jpg Autor: Wikipedia / Frederic Passy.jpg: unknown
Jean Henri Dunant.jpg: Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division Washington, DC 20540; Call number: LC-USW33-042485 ([1])
derivative work: J.H._Dunant_&_F._Passy.jpg: PawełMM (talk)
derivative work: PawełMM Lizenz: gemeinfrei
Jean Henri Dunant & Frederic Passy
Bildnachweis
Bildquelle: J.H._Dunant_&_F._Passy.jpg Autor: Wikipedia / Frederic Passy.jpg: unknown
Jean Henri Dunant.jpg: Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division Washington, DC 20540; Call number: LC-USW33-042485 ([1])
derivative work: PawełMM (talk) Lizenz: gemeinfrei
It is in this building, in the Rue du Puits-St-Pierre 4 in Geneva, 3rd floor, Henri Dunant lived during the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross. This is where he wrote his book "A Memory of Solferino", and had its first meeting on the idea of bringing assistance to injured wars, later, in other places, saw the creation of international Committee of the Red Cross. However, the Geneva section of the Red Cross was founded in this building, on 17 March 1864.
It is in this building, in the Rue du Puits-St-Pierre 4 in Geneva, 3rd floor, Henri Dunant lived during the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). This is where he wrote his book "A Memory of Solferino", and had its first meeting on the idea of bringing assistance to injured wars, later, in other places, saw the creation of international Committee of the Red Cross. However, the Geneva section of the Red Cross was founded in this building, on 17 March 1864.
Sammelaktie mit der Nr. 5 der AG der Mühlen von Mons Djémila, Algerien, mit Originalunterschrift von "Administrateur délégueé" J. Henry Dunant (1828-1910)
Это изображение было использовано для иллюстрирования статьи «Дюнан, Жан-Анри» опубликованной в девятом томе «Военной энциклопедии», который был издан книгоиздательским товариществом И. Д. Сытина в 1912 году в столице РоссийсДюнан, Жан-Анрикой империи городе Санкт-Петербурге.
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